The “Public Participation in Environmental Protection” Symposium – First Environmental Green Paper Issuance Conference Launched

On the afternoon of January 28th, the Public Participation in Environmental Protection Symposium — First Environmental Green Paper Issuance Conference was launched in Beijing. The conference issued the first China Environmental Green Paper “2005: Chinese Environmental Dangerous Situations and Breakout” written and edited by Friends of Nature and published by Social Science Documentation Publishing House. The paper provided a deep analysis and forecast of the problems facing our country’s environmental protection. Experts and scholars such as Yang Dongping, Wang Canfa, Liao Xiaoyi and related principals from the State Environmental Protection Administration and the Forestry Administration attended the conference and made speeches.

This Chinese Environmental Green Paper is the first annual report that considers Chinese environmental protection as it affects the public. The Green Paper was the integrated effort of Chinese private environmental protection groups and other experts. Because the Green Paper was written from a private perspective, it can express the opinions and observations of the leading experts more directly, and can be more simple and concise than publications from other sectors. Based on facts and data, such an environmental annual report can help those who are concerned about Chinese environmental problems to understand important environmental changes, problems, challenges, experiences and lessons that China experienced in the last year. In the longer term, the report will capture an accurate environmental portrait and be a private record of this stage of the historical transition of sustainable development in China. (Extraction)

For more information about the whole Green Paper, please visit http://www.china.com.cn/chinese/news/1137746.htm

Source: China.com

NGO Seminar on the Interim Method for Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment Launched in Beijing

On February 23rd, many private environmental protection organizations, such as Green Earth Volunteers, Global Village of Beijing and Friends of Nature, joined with NGO representatives, experts, and scholars at a seminar to review the “Interim Method for Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment,” which was officially issued one day ago.

At 2:00 pm, Room 711 at Peking University Resources Building was crammed with NGO representatives, university professors, and media reporters. All excitedly discussed the “Interim Method for Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment”. Jin Jiaman from the Global Environment Research Institute (GEF), Sun Jun from Green Cross, reporter Liu Jianqiang from “South Weekend”, a Sociology professor from Renmin University, Professor Wang from Peking University, and Liao Xiaoyi from Global Village of Beijing each made a keynote speech and expressed their opinions and suggestions on the “Interim Method” and the present situation of public participation. Although Ms. Wang Yongchen from Green Earth Volunteers and Ms. Lu Zhi from Conservation International were unable to attend the seminar, other representatives conveyed their ideas to the meeting.

Afterwards, each representative joined an open discussion on how NGOs can use the “Interim Method” after it is implemented. Everyone indicated that the implementation of the “Interim Method” has epoch-making significance and is a milestone of public participation in environmental impact assessment in our country.

Training Class Held to Publicize Wetlands Law and Build Safe Wetlands Networks

With the Tenth World Wetlands Day approaching and in order to create a harmonious atmosphere between humans and the wetlands, Yueyang Environment Conservation Volunteers Association, which is also a unit member of All-China Environment Federation, has hosted two activities.

One activity was a training class to publicize wetlands law. From the first through the tenth of December 2005, more than 150 principals from the schools, communities, and forestry systems of the three counties (districts) surrounding East Dongting Lake participated in the training.

The second activity was the organization of “Safe Wetlands” networks and community residents to take part in the wetlands “Four Protections” campaign. Yueyang Environmental Protection Association advocated for and created green groups called “Wetlands Guardians” in the sixty-one primary and middle schools of Junshan District around the core area of East Dongting Lake Preservation Zone. In addition, a “Wetlands Guardians’ Federation” was also founded in Junshan District and became a group member of Yueyang Environmental Protection Association.

The State Environmental Protection Administration Produced the “Environmental Protection Responsibility Storm”

The State Environmental Protection Administration produced the “environmental protection responsibility storm”. The Administration will conduct an analysis of the environmental risk posed by 127 chemical and petrochemical projects in the environment-sensitive areas along the banks of rivers, lakes, and seas, areas with large populations, and natural preservation zones all over the country. These projects represent a total investment of about RMB 450 billion. Eleven enterprises that are located on the riverside and that have the potential to cause serious environmental problems will be supervised as well. The administration will further conduct an examination and impose penalties on ten construction projects violating environmental protection policies. The total investment of these ten projects is about RMB 29 billion.

Sources: Yueyang Environment Conservation Volunteers Association

The First “Stars for Charity and Non-Profit Public Service” in Xiangfan

On February 22nd, the first “Stars for Charity and Non-Profit Public Service” were awarded in Xiangfan City. Ten private organizations and ten individuals were recognized. Xiangfan City Environmental Protection Association and Yun Jianli received Stars in the categories of private organization and individual, respectively.

Friends of Nature Awarded the Most Responsible NGO of 2005

On February 22nd, 2006, the “International Forum on Chinese Enterprises’ Social Responsibility” was held at the Jingguang New World Hotel, Beijing. The forum was directed by the Overseas Chinese Affair Office of the State Council and China News Service, and sponsored by the “China Newsweek” press in order to further advocate the idea of enterprises’ social responsibility. The theme of this forum was ”Taking Global Responsibility and Together Creating Harmony”. At the forum, Friends of Nature, along with two other NGOs - the Beijing Cultural Development Center for Rural Women and the ALXA SEE Ecological Association - was awarded the most responsible NGO of 2005.

The Third All-China Environmental Award Ceremony in Beijing

On February 21st, 2006, the third All-China Environmental Award Ceremony was held at the Great Hall of the People, Beijing. Zeng Peiyan, the Deputy Premier of State Council, sent a congratulatory letter to the conference. The All-China Environmental Award is a social award of the highest level in the field of environmental protection in China. Building on the success of the last two conferences, the third All-China Environmental Award highlighted the principles of “Equitability, Justice, and Opening” and increased both the evaluative scale and award size. The environmental award system now confers five grand prizes of RMB 500,000 each and 25 annual Green Oriental prizes of RMB 50,000 each for areas including environmental management, urban environmental issues, enterprise environmental protection, ecological protection, and environmental protection and scientific education (publicity).

The First China Environmental Protection Foundation’s Green Products Award Review and Appraisal Session

On the morning of February 28th, the first China Environmental Protection Foundation’s Green Products Award for 2006 held its Review and Appraisal Session. During the meeting, selection committee members, including Li Wei, Xu Qinghua, Zhou Guiling, Liu Xiuru, Han Wei, Hu Hualong, Wang Yongbin, Zou Jing, Wang Tingjian, and Wang Yihong, reviewed and appraised the products of seven enterprises. The enterprises involved included Huafengyuan Biotechnology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. and Shanghai Gaoshan Garments Co., Ltd. During this session, the experts shared their opinions and suggestions on the development and direction of the Green Products Award and activities in 2006. At the end of the session, the experts approved the following products to be given the Green Products Award in 2006.

New Car Smell: It's Not So Sweet

By Jim Motavalli

New cars are great, aren't they? On top of looking all shiny and perfect, they also just smell new. It's a unique odor, isn't it? And it goes away after a few weeks, never to appear again. But it's great while it lasts.

Or is it? A new study by the Michigan-based Ecology Center (EC), Toxic at Any Speed: Chemicals in Cars and the Need for Safe Alternatives, warns that the concentrations of some toxins in car interiors is five to 10 times higher than the levels found in homes or offices, "thus making cars a significant contributor to overall indoor air pollution." Driving for 90 minutes could expose you to the same level of chemicals as spending eight hours inside your home, the study said.

The problem is that many parts of your car interior, including seats and dashboards, "offgas" chemicals, particularly when the car is new. What you're smelling, at least in part, is the release of those chemicals. I first wrote about this problem back in 2001, when there was little available scientific information on the subject and nobody got too excited.

This time around, the Ecology Center hit a nerve, with reports in the Detroit Free Press and Automotive News, as well as on CNN and several other TV outlets. "In response to the report, we've heard high levels of concern about these chemicals from auto companies around the world," says Jeff Gearhart, EC's clean car campaign director. "Volvo and Hyundai have taken the greatest initiative. The response has shown that the case for eliminating the use of these chemicals in autos is stronger then ever before."

Hyundai and Ford both announced that they had eliminated most uses of one of the classes of chemicals, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). Ford-owned Volvo, which had the lowest levels of the problematic chemicals in the EC tests, issued a release stating, "Volvo has been working for many years on creating a clean interior climate, which is also suitable for people who are particularly sensitive, such as those suffering from asthma and allergies."

I know about Volvo's work firsthand, having seen its "nose team" in action on a trip to Sweden. Here's how it works: "The materials brought in for smell-testing are prepared very carefully, with small pieces placed in sterilized glass jars. They are then put into ovens and warmed to different temperatures to simulate the typical changes in cabin climate experienced by Volvo owners around the world, as the hotter the interior becomes, the more it tends to give off a smell. This is relevant in warm cars during the winter months, as well as on summer days when getting into a baking car can literally be a breath-taking experience. Every member of the Volvo nose team inhales deeply from each jar and gives each component a score between one and six, where 'one' is unnoticeable and 'six' is overpowering. Nothing that scores more than 'three' will be approved for use in a Volvo interior." Not high-tech, but it works.

Americans spend a lot of time in the closed environment of their cars, an average of 100 minutes a day. PBDEs are used in plastic parts such as arm rests, electronic enclosures, wire insulation and floor coverings. It is especially concentrated in the film that builds up on the inside of car windows. Another class of potentially worrisome chemicals, phthalates, are used as plasticizers and are found in such polyvinyl chloride (PVC) parts as seat fabrics, instrument panels and interior trim.

The EC study found that the chemical levels in your car interior are elevated by heat and ultra-violet light, so the problem is more acute during the summer, when interior temperatures can reach 192 degrees Fahrenheit (which is why your dog needs open windows). Parking in the shade, using a folding sunscreen and opening windows are three ways to help control the problem.

Heat may be a factor in the study's finding of relatively low levels of the flame retardant "Deca" inside cars. That would be good news, but one hypothesis is that high temperatures are causing the Deca to break down inside the car and create even more dangerous and lighter PBDEs (some of which have been banned in Europe and voluntarily discontinued in the U.S.)

For its tests, EC collected windshield film and dust samples from vehicles produced by 11 carmakers. The results have nothing to do with what the cars cost. In fact, Mercedes had the highest concentration of PBDEs, followed by Chrysler, Toyota, Subaru and Volkswagen. Best in PBDE were Hyundai, Volvo, BMW and Honda. For phthalates, Hyundai, Ford, Toyota and Chrysler had the highest levels, and Volvo (again), BMW, VW and General Motors the lowest.

We're exposed to PBDEs through dust, food and air. PBDE concentrations in the breast milk of American women are 10 to 100 times higher than in Europe, where laws have been enacted phasing out the chemicals from several categories of consumer products. Japanese carmakers have also enacted a voluntary agreement to reduce volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the interiors of their vehicles. And despite federal inaction in the U.S., nine states have acted to ban two forms of PBDE.

In experiments with lab animals, PBDE exposure was found to cause problems with brain development, memory, learning and behavior. It can also, according to the EC, decrease thyroid hormone levels and affect reproduction. The chemical structure of PBDEs is similar to that of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which were banned in the U.S. in 1976.

The American study is not the first of its kind. The Australian government research branch, CSIRO, also reported that new car smell may be hazardous to your health. CSIRO's Dr. Steve Brown says, "Just as air inside our homes and workplaces is often much more polluted than the air outside, so sitting in a new car can expose you to levels of toxic emissions many times [safe levels]."

According to an account of the Australian study published by Environmental News Network, some motorists, especially the chemically sensitive, have reported various types of discomfort in new cars. These range from feeling drowsy to eye or throat irritation, headaches and just feeling "spaced out."

Two new Australian-made cars were tested and found to have 64,000 micrograms per cubic meter of VOCs, a dangerous level that decreased 60 percent after the first month. The Australian indoor air goal is 500 micrograms per cubic meter. David Lang of the Australian Automobile Association says the study shows the need "for further study on motorists to identify any effects that may impair driving."

An earlier study of a 1995 Lincoln Continental found 50 different VOCs. The research suggested that the chemicals were emanating from a combination of lubricants, solvents, adhesives, gasoline and plastics.

For his part, Allen Blakey, a spokesperson for the Vinyl Institute, is a bit defensive. "Some people love new car smell," he says, adding, "We think that phthalates are getting too much credit for new car smell. There are many things that go into making it smell that way, including lubricants, treatments, colorants and cleaning agents."

Also defending some of the chemicals is the Bromine Science and Environmental Forum, which told CNN that its own 10-year assessment showed that Deca is safe. "If automobile manufacturers follow the guidance in the [EC] report, it could result in lowering fire safety for the public, as well as promoting the use of unidentified alternative substances about which very little may be known," the group said.

But alternatives are out there. The Lowell Center for Sustainable Production at the University of Massachusetts has studied several alternatives to Deca in textiles, and concluded, "While there is no single replacement [for Deca], the multitude of options on the market makes it clear that viable market-ready approaches exist."

Dow Chemical is one company that claims to be attacking the problem with a new form of polyurethane foam that produces reduced offgassing. Steven English, Dow Chemical business development director for polyurethanes, says that the company's product has been on the market for two years, selling not only to carmakers (the actual client list is proprietary) but also to manufacturers of bedding and other household foam. "Plastics are great catalysts; they react with everything," English said. Emissions are not only hazardous to your health, but they also contribute to plastic discoloration and windshield fogging.

Another manufacturer, Siemens VDO Automotive, says it is close to bringing to market "wellness sensors" that can automatically control several interior factors, including carbon dioxide levels and smell. The system would activate filters and recirculation systems when passing a field recently sprayed with manure, or it "could allow more fresh air in the car and dehumidify the cabin if a carload of passengers were fogging the windows."

EC thinks that carmakers should reduce the health risk to car occupants by phasing out both PBDEs and phthalates, acting immediately to voluntarily comply with current Japanese and European initiatives. The group says governments should initiative phase-out timelines and drivers should take the precautions outlined above.
New cars may smell like success, but breathing in that heady aroma could be hazardous to your health.

Source: http://www.emagazine.com/view/?3062

China Hydro-Dams Leave Locals Poorer Report Says
By Chris Buckley, Reuters

BEIJING — A massive hydro-electric scheme in western China has left locals poor and discontented, a researcher at an official think-tank said, casting doubt on official promises that the country's dams bring prosperity.

Residents in western China's Qinghai province have become poorer despite a project to build 13 hydro-power dams along the Yellow River for about 50 billion yuan ($6.2 billion), said Zhou Tianyong, a professor at the Central Party School in Beijing where up-and-coming officials are trained for promotion.

"The more dams that are built, the more we're shifted and the poorer we become, and the more we see the less hope we have," Zhou quoted discontented residents as telling him, according to a report in the Economic Information Daily on Wednesday.

The dams under construction below the Longyang Gorge in Qinghai's east are surrounded by a population of one million mostly poor farmers and herders, many Tibetan or members of other ethnic groups, the paper said.

They are being built below the main dam at the mouth of the gorge. The main dam began operating in 1987.

Work on some of them began a few years ago, and the project will take a decade or more to complete, according to reports in state media.

Officials promised the dams would "promote local development, but the results of many years of development have been extremely disappointing", the newspaper report said.

Zhou found residents in the area had an average net income of 1,772 yuan ($220) per head in 2004 -- about half the national average -- and loss of land and roads from the dams left many even poorer than before.

About a fifth lived in "absolute poverty" on annual incomes of 625 yuan or less, he said.

NO POWER TO THE PEOPLE

Although they lived close to the dams, they did not have access to its water and relied on infrequent rains for drinking water. And power lines passed over their villages without sharing the electricity generated, he said.

"After the dam water level was raised this year, many farmers and herders around the dam were moved for a second time, but state compensation was meager and they have suffered big losses and become increasingly poor," the paper said of one of the dams, citing Zhou's report.

The Yellow River dams will have generating capacity of 11.7 gigawatts, compared to the 18 gigawatts the Three Gorges Dam -- the world's biggest hydro-power project -- will have by 2009.

Zhou's findings have emerged at a time when China is planning several other ambitious and controversial hydro projects in its west to rival the massive Three Gorges Dam, including a series of dams along the wild Nu River in Yunnan province.

Officials and some experts have said those projects will also lift local residents from chronic deprivation. But Zhou said locals often lose out unless the government offers special support and revenue sharing.

He told the paper that "this mode of development ... makes no contribution to local development and lifting farmers out of poverty, and even harms their interests".

Source: Reuters at http://enn.com/today.html?id=9890

China Announces Major Plan to Combat Pollution, Revive Battered Environment
By Elaine Kurtenbach, Associated Press

SHANGHAI, China — China announced a plan Wednesday to combat widespread pollution and leave a better environment for future generations, citing the need to stave off possible social instability.

The plan, approved by the State Council, or Cabinet, focuses on pollution controls and calls for the country to clean up heavily polluted regions and reverse degradation of water, air and land by 2010.

"The move is aimed at protecting the long-term interests of the Chinese nation and leaving a good living and development space for our offspring," according to an announcement published in state media.

Among the most urgent problems cited by the official Xinhua News Agency were acid rain, pollution of the soil, organic pollutants, potential risks from nuclear facilities and a decline in biodiversity.

Most major rivers are polluted and acid rain has damaged more than one-third of China's land area, as well as neighboring countries, the Xinhua report noted.

The government has previously responded to environmental crises largely on a piecemeal basis. The new plan appears to be a broader strategy in keeping with the government's newly stated emphasis on seeking sustainable development after years of breakneck growth.

"The government does seem to be paying more attention to broad environmental protection issues," said Zhao Qingxiang, a professor in the Environment Department of Shanghai's East China University of Science & Technology.

"But what I'm concerned about is how this plan will affect the entire ecological system, which has a long way to go. It's not just a matter of closing down a few factories."

Under the plan, regional governments will be asked to set environmental targets and conduct regular evaluations. It also calls for environmental quality to be considered in assessing the performance of local officials -- until recently judged mainly on their success in promoting economic development.

"Leading officials and other relevant government officials will be punished for making wrong decisions that cause serious environmental accidents and for gravely obstructing environmental law enforcement," it said.

Government ministries have been ordered to adapt fiscal, tax, pricing, trade and technology policies to the new strategy.

The State Council said the plan was in part prompted by a toxic chemical spill in northeastern China's Songhua River in November that "stunned the nation and sounded an alarm about the country's worsening environment."

The environmental protection minister was dismissed following the disaster, which affected water supplies for millions of people in China and neighboring Russia.

Pollution, often linked to official corruption and incompetence, has sparked a series of sometimes violent confrontations between authorities and rural residents.

In one of the more widely publicized cases, dozens were injured in April riots when police tried to move protesters from an industrial complex in Wangkantou, a village in the east's Zhejiang province. The residents were outraged by chemical plant pollution they said had destroyed their crops.

"The issue of pollution has become a 'blasting fuse' for social instability," Zhou Shengxian, director of the State Environmental Protection Administration, said in comments posted on the agency's Web site.

Evidence of the negative effects of years of rapid industrialization, uncontrolled construction and widespread use of farm chemicals can be seen everywhere in China, from the biggest cities to the countryside.

Some 16 of the world's 20 smoggiest cities are in China, and the World Bank estimates that more than 400,000 deaths a year are linked to air pollution. Canals surrounding Shanghai stink and fester, as do many in the countryside. Piles of construction material and other waste cover huge stretches of rural land.

Local authorities have tended not to enforce pollution controls, land use restrictions and other limits that might hurt land sales and tax revenues or discourage investors. Heavily polluting factories often either bribe officials to look the other way or pay cursory fines.

Source: Associated Press

China Toxic Spill Forces Water Supplies to Be Cut

BEIJING (Reuters) - A toxic chemical spill in southwest China has disrupted water supplies to 20,000 people since last week, a state newspaper said on Monday, the latest in a series of pollution incidents to hit the country.

A power plant on the upper reaches of the Yuexi River in Sichuan province was to blame for the pollution, which prompted environmental officials to suspend water supplies to Guanyin Town since last Wednesday, the official China Daily said.

Water was being trucked in to residents, but was unable to meet demand, it added.
Tests showed that the river had been polluted with chemicals including fluoride and nitrogen, the newspaper said.

Earlier this month, three tanks at a chemical company in the northwestern province of Shanxi collapsed, discharging about 2,000 tons of alkaline waste into a river which flows into the Yellow River, China's second-longest.

In one of the worst incidents, water supplies to millions of people in northeastern China were suspended after a blast at a chemical plant in November caused cancer-causing benzene compounds to leak into a major river.

The chief of China's environment watchdog was forced to resign following that spill, which became an international incident as the river flows into Russia.

The Chinese government has promised to improve environmental safeguards and has spent billions of yuan on cleaning up the country's rivers, though experts warn some of it is mis-spent and ineffective.

Source: http://today.reuters.com/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2006-02-20T064321Z_01_PEK354294_RTRUKOC_0_US-ENVIRONMENT-CHINA.xml

China Makes Stable Energy Supplies Top Priority for Economic Planning
By Elaine Kurtenbach, Associated Press

SHANGHAI, China — China needs new technologies and more diverse sources of energy to ensure adequate, sustainable power for its booming economy -- a challenge offering new opportunities for foreign investment and cooperation, Chinese and European officials said Monday.

"It's already clear that China has to fully use opportunities to expand international cooperation," Ma Songde, a vice minister of science and technology, said in an address to a conference on energy cooperation with the European Union. He added that Beijing is keen to bring in new, clean energy technologies.

Ma and EU Energy Commissioner Andris Piebalgs signed an agreement Monday on developing techniques to capture carbon dioxide from coal burning power plants, which supply more than two-thirds of China's electricity, and store it underground to prevent it polluting the air. Emissions from those plants are viewed as a growing risk for global warming.

The agreement signed between the EU and China on Monday is one of more than 100 joint EU-China research projects on science and technology, many of which are focused on enhancing energy efficiency, reducing pollution and promoting use of renewable energy, such as wind and solar power.

"We need to employ more high-level technologies. By developing these technologies, we can resolve issues restricting growth and enhance growth," Ma said.

China, seeking oil and gas to fuel its booming economy amid stagnant production at home, has been snapping up energy resources in places as far flung as Venezuela, Kazakhstan, Nigeria and Australia.

At the same time, it is focusing on reducing waste and improving the safety and security of its own energy-related industries. Premier Wen Jiabao recently announced China intends to raise its energy efficiency by 20 percent by 2010.

Xavier Chen, an executive with Britain's BP PLC speaking on behalf of a local European Chamber of Commerce committee on energy, urged China to amend policies favoring domestic companies to encourage more foreign investment in natural gas and renewable energy industries.

As a national policy, China has retained government control over industries viewed as strategically vital, such as energy. But foreign companies will be reluctant to invest if they can't win equal treatment and be assured of a steady market and stable operating environment, Chen said.

China's need for more oil and gas exploration and development is bound to continue as the country diversifies its sources of oil and gas, said Liu Keyu, vice president of China National Petroleum Corp.'s Institute of Economics & Technology.

China imports 95 percent of its oil by sea and hopes to build up land-based supply systems as well, Liu said.

He noted that recent overseas acquisitions, such as CNPC's purchase of PetroKazakhstan, are a part of that strategy.

"We need very large oil exploration every year," Liu said, forecasting growing gaps between supply and demand. "We also need to accelerate development and exploration of gas fields."

The EU's energy commissioner said the grouping shares Beijing's concerns about the need to diversify energy sources.

"Despite some improvements in efficiency, major oil discoveries are becoming rarer and rarer," Piebalgs said. "Under-investment has led to a tightening of the market and higher oil prices that can undermine economic growth," he said.

The sense of vulnerability was heightened by disruptions to natural gas supplies during a recent dispute between Russia and Ukraine, said Austria's ambassador to China, Hans Dietmar Schweisgut.

"It has become painfully clear to all of us we need a sharper focus on energy security," Schweisgut said.

Source: Associated Press

The Third International Conference on Environmental Enhancement and Sustainable Development

The Third International Conference on Environmental Enhancement and Sustainable Development will be held on 4th August, 2006 by SCOPE CAST CHINA.

For more information about the conference, please visit the website at http://www.icsu-scope.org/spotlight/Inner%20Mongolia%20conference.pdf

Sources: Institute of Environment and Development

Recruitment of Communications Officer by China Unit of Oxfam Hong Kong

Stationed in Beijing on a 2-year contract basis

The Communications Officer reports to the Communications Coordinator of China Unit, Oxfam Hong Kong and s/he is required to work together with the whole communications team and other teams of Oxfam to create and implement communication strategies and operation plan in China.

Closing date for applications: 13th March 2006

Please send your application, CV with expected salary and available date to the Human Resource Manager, Oxfam Hong Kong, 17/F., China United Centre, 28 Marble Road, North Point, Hong Kong or by email to hr@oxfam.org.hk

For more information about the recruitment, please visit the website at http://www.ngorc.org.cn/News_Show.asp?News_ID=9

Sources: NGO Research Center, Tsinghua University